Group 1 and group 2 mixesgroup 1 and group 2 mixes admix group 1 cement wb lt wrd mix no. Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing 1 introduction 1. Portland blast furnace slag cement is a mixture of ordinary portland cement and not more than 65 wt. Use of aircooled blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate. By processing blast furnace slag into slag cement or slag aggregate, the material is diverted from landfills. Slag cement benefits and use in concrete slag cement news. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concrete.
Fly ash and blast furnace slag for cement manufacturing. Grade 80 has a low activity index and is used primarily in mass structures because it generates less heat than portland cement. It is fully called as groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is. Blastfurnace cement definition and meaning collins. For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag section 1. Ground granulated blast furnace slag in concrete and its. A portland cement mixed with a designated amount of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea. Blast furnace slag is used successfully as a mudto cement conversion technology in oil well cementing worldwide because of economic, technical, and environmental advantages 86. Central eastern european blast furnace slag market. Concrete, aci manual of concrete practice, part 1, 2004. Safety data sheet ground granulated blast furnace slag. Identification of the material and supplier company details cement australia pty limited abn 75 104 053 474 18 station avenue tel.
Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is designated in astm c 989 and consists mainly of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium. Another strategy to limit the amount of portland cement used in concrete is to add gypsum caso 4 2h 2o or anhydrite caso 4 to make supersulfated cement. The clinkers of cement are ground with about 60 to 65 per cent of slag. Effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag as partial. The most common process is quenching with water, but air or a combination of air and water may be used. Portland cement is a good catalyst for activation of slag because it contains the three main chemical components that activate slag. Blended cement containing blast furnace slag bfs and phosphorous slag ps is a new kind of cement. It is generally recognized that the rate of hardening of slag cement is somewhat slower than that of ordinary portland cement during the first 28 days but thereafter increases so that at 12 months the strengths become close to or even exceed those of. Blast furnace slag an overview sciencedirect topics. Granulated blast furnace slag is obtained by rapidly chilling quenching the molten ash from the furnace with the help of water. To reduce the embodied carbon dioxide of structural concrete, portland cement pc in concrete can be partially replaced with ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs. The waste products are upgraded in highvalue applications and the need for clinker is reduced. Using the same admixtures, the properties of the blended cement with 70% additives could reach the standard of 525grade slag cement according to gb. This action exposes fresh sites for further reaction and is supposedly responsible for enhanced slag metal reaction rates, influencing the blast furnace operations and the quality of the metal.
From the abovementioned test results, autogenous shrinkage of the portland blast furnace slag cement concrete with blast furnace slag of 20% content and so 3 3. The strength of cement with 80% additives could reach the. Approximately 40% of iron and steel slag products, and 60% of blast furnace slag, are used in cement. Blastfurnace slag is used in makingfour classes of cement puzzolan, or ordinary slag cement, usually simply called slag cement. For more information call 0 cement 0 236 368 or visit au safety data sheet granulated blast furnace slag section 1. Blast furnace slag is the glassy granular material formed when molten blast furnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water virgalitte et al. One way to implement this thought, is the use of industrial byproducts as cement replacing material. For the slagcoke systems tested, the minimum channel diameter ranged. Blast furnace cement pbfc and high slag blast furnace cement hsbfc, with ggbs content ranging typically from 30 to 70% and in the production of readymixed or sitebatched durable concrete. Slag cement is often referred to as ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbfs.
It consists of nonmetallic minerals, which are tapped off from the blast furnace while molten. Sustainability is getting more and more attention during the last years. The material has glassy structure and is ground to less than 45 microns. Introduction in this project we have investigates the results of properties on concrete by partial replacement of cement opc 43grade up to 20% with groundgranulated blast furnace slag and fine aggregate replaced up to. Converting granulated blast furnace slag into fine aggregate 95 slags can be increased by optimizing granulation parameters such as water temperature and flow rate to produce slag sand similar to river sand.
Blast furnance slag user guideline portland cement. To support the implementation of the roadmaps, action plans are being developed. Enhancing sustainability reference data sheet 5 2012. A guide to the use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete asa data sheet 5 2 table 1. This glassy granulates are dried and pulverized which is known as ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbs. Consisting of a mixture of portland cement and ground granulated slag, these cements began commercial production in. Use of blast furnace slag as an alternative of natural sand. Faculty of engineering and architecture, ghent, belgium, 2011. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbs, a byproduct in steel manufacture, has been used to improve concrete strength development during accelerated curing but poses a challenge of. The report discusses acbfs aggregate production and properties, and the properties of concrete produced with acbfs coarse aggregate. Based on this concept, several trials were conducted at blast furnace slag granulation.
Page 5 granulated blast furnace slag is produced by quickly quenching chilling molten slag to produce a glassy, granular product. Use of granulated blast furnace slag as fine aggregate in. The central eastern european blast furnace slag market is estimated to reach usd 473. Ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112 following is a list of slag cement suppliers approved to supply the indicated brand of ggbfs to department work in accordance with the current provisions of both ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112, and materials method 10 manufacturerlocations and approved supply locations shown as. Blast furnace slag cement manufacture, properties and uses. Lewis, chief engineer aci convention, march 8, 1984 iron blastfurnace slag in the process of extracting iron from ores, a blast furnace is charged with the ores, flux stones and coke. Page 5 granulated blastfurnace slag is produced by quickly quenching chilling molten slag to produce a glassy, granular product. Slag portland cement, which may be a true portland cement. Lewis, chief engineer aci convention, march 8, 1984 iron blast furnace slag in the process of extracting iron from ores, a blast furnace is charged with the ores, flux stones and coke. Analysis of slag flow in blast furnace during the extraction. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is used as an additive with portland cement in combination with water and aggregates to form concrete. Ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs jsw cement. Mar 03, 2017 it is fully called as groundgranulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs and is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is.
While there are many applications and benefits of slag cement, a few are highlighted below and detailed information sheets are located here. Ggbfs is divided into three classifications based on its activity index. Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of. Based on this concept, several trials were conducted at. This report presents available information regarding the use of aircooled blast furnace slag acbfs as coarse aggregate in concrete pavements.
Ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112 following is a list of slag cement suppliers approved to supply the indicated brand of ggbfs to department work in accordance with the current provisions of both ground granulated blast furnace slag 71112, and materials method 10. This paper deals with the results of an experimental investigation on structural properties of fiber reinforced concrete with ggbs. A portland cement mixed with a designated amount of ground granulated blastfurnace slag. The larger flexural strength of blast furnace slag concrete is the result of the stronger bond which is achieved in cementslagaggregate system due to slag particle shape and surface texture.
Properties and uses of iron and steel slag mf 1826 national slag association. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea case study 457 4. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. Also in the concrete and cement industry, attempts are made to minimize the environmental impact. Molten slag diverted from the iron blast furnace is rapidly chilled, producing glassy granules that yield. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh. The compressive strength development of cement mortar. Properties significant chemoresistance, and suppression of alkaliaggregate reaction type b and c. Such a slag acquires liquid mobility and trickles down the furnace away from the site where it starts distorting plastically, as soon as possible. Blastfurnace cement definition of blastfurnace cement by.
Effect of addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Groundgranulated blast furnace slag is highly cementitious and high in csh calcium silicate hydrates which is a. Mc nataraj et al 20 9 the granulated blast furnace slag as a sand mixed with in cement mortar to reduce weather problems related to aggregate properties and waste by product materials should. The latent hydraulic property of the blastfurnace slag gives excellent longterm strength. The gbs and css blended concrete laboratory trials experiment carried out and case study of actual concrete supplied at.
Slag cement granulated blast furnace slag 11 benefits of the concretes produced with blast furnace slag cement hydration the reaction between blast furnace slag cement and water is a complicated process. Pdf a study on the relationship between porosity of the cement. In this research effect of partial replacement of cement with ggbs on strength development of concrete and cured under summer and winter curing environments is established. Blast furnace slag cement cem iiia 42,5 r a hydraulic cement produced by milling 2080 parts by weight of portland cement clinker together with a corresponding amount 8020 parts of blast furnace slag and a quantity of gypsum. Production of portland blastfurnace slag cement began in 1910, and the japanese national standard for portland blastfurnace slag cement jes 29 was formulated in 1926. Blast furnace slag is used predominately as base and concrete aggregate. Strength development characteristics of concrete produced.
In this investigation ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbs is used as an alternative binder and filler materials for ordinary portland cement opc. The majority of the demand for these products comes from the field of cement. Pdf properties of blastfurnace slag cement concrete. The total content of blended materials could increase if two additives were used. Use of blast furnace slag as an alternative of natural. Blastfurnace cement definition and meaning collins english. Iron ore, coke and limestone are fed into the furnace and the resulting molten slag floats above the molten iron at a temperature of about 15000c to 16000c.
Slag cement is commonly found in readymixed concrete, precast concrete, masonry, soil cement and high temperature resistant building products. Reference case portland cement contents for use in determining portland cement reductions table 2. Groundgranulated blastfurnace slag ggbs or ggbfs is obtained by quenching molten iron slag a byproduct of iron and steelmaking from a blast furnace in water or steam, to produce a glassy, granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine powder. The slag is a waste product in the manufacturing process of pigiron and it contains the basic elements of cement, namely, alumina, lime and silica. Kg a889 wb admixture lt group 2 mix cement super 20. For this purpose, normal concrete having compressive strength of 34 mpa was designed using. Gruyaert, effect of blastfurnace slag as cement replacement on hydration, microstructure, strength and durability of concrete, ghent university. Ground granulated blast furnace slag conclusion jsw. Cementitious applications of ground blastfurnace slag. During this process, the slag gets fragmented and transformed into amorphous granules glass, meeting the requirement of is 12089. Ggbf slag has been used in concrete in japan and western europe since the 1940s.
The samples of the cement composites were prepared with the following types of cements. However the autogenous shrinkage of the portlamd blast furnace slag cement. The ground granulated blast furnace slag is a byproduct of iron manufacturing industry. The larger flexural strength of blast furnace slag concrete is the result of the stronger bond which is achieved in cement slag aggregate system due to slag particle shape and surface texture.
Use of aircooled blast furnace slag as coarse aggregate in. Blast furnace slag cement is the mixture of ordinary portland cement and fine granulated blast furnace slag obtained as a by product in the manufacture of steel with percent under 70% to that of cement. Slag cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs, granulated blast furnace slag gbfs, slag product form. It is a recovered industrial byproduct of an iron blast furnace.
Blastfurnace slag is the glassy granular material formed when molten blastfurnace slag is rapidly chilled, as by immersion in water virgalitte et al. It is generally recognized that the rate of hardening of slag cement is somewhat slower than that of ordinary portland cement during the first 28 days but thereafter increases so that at 12 months the strengths become close to or even exceed. Hiraskar and chetan patil abstractthe iron industries produce a huge quantity of blast furnace slag as byproduct, which is a nonbiodegradable waste material from that only a small percentage of it is used by cement industries to manufacture cement. Nonportland cement activation of blast furnace slag. Blast furnace slag material description origin in the production of iron, iron ore, iron scrap, and fluxes limestone andor dolomite are charged into a blast furnace along with coke for fuel. Factors, such as the growth of various end user industries and increase in the demand for ground granulated blast furnace slag from the cement industry are expected to drive the central eastern. Properties of hardened concrete with blast furnace slag. Blastfurnace cement definition of blastfurnace cement.
It was determined that there is a minimum channel diameter needed to allow free flow of slag. Application of blast furnace slag sand in cement concretea case study m. It is used in shore and port structures, off shore constructions, disposed water. This paper investigates the possibility of utilizing granulated blast furnace slag gbfs as a sand substitute in cement mortar, in order to reduce environmental problems related to aggregate mining and waste disposal. Documents that specify or describe the chemical and physical properties of.
Effect of blastfurnace slag as cement replacement on. Mechanochemical modification of cement with high volumes of blast furnace slag. Conclusion the substitution of natural aggregate with slag sand has positive impact on workability, compressive strength and durability. Converting granulated blast furnace slag into fine aggregate. In blast furnace cement, the slag as obtained from blast furnace is used. Slag cement is a hydraulic cement formed when granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is ground to suitable fineness and is used to replace a portion of portland cement. Abstract this paper highlights a case study of granulated blast furnace slag. Concrete, compressive strength, groundgranulated blast furnace slag, flexural strength, marble slurry. They include portland cement as covered by aashto m85 2, portland blast furnace slag cement blended cement type is, and slag cement slag cement type s as per aashto m240.
Effects of ground granulated blast furnace slag in portland cement. Effect of blast furnace slag powder on compressive. In c219, slag cement is defined as a blend of granulated blastfurnace slag and hydrated lime in which the slag constituent is more than a specified minimum. Concrete made with ggbs cement sets more slowly than concrete made with ordinary portland cement, depending on the amount of ggbs in the cementitious. The xcoordinate indicates which product throughputs can be generated using the respective mills. Iron and steel slag products are used in a variety of areas where their unique characteristics are put to effective use. M50 grade of concrete was considered for the study. This material is obtained by the heating of iron ore, limestone and coke at a temperature about 1500 degree celsius. The coke is combusted to produce carbon monoxide, which reduces the iron ore to a molten iron product. Ground granulated blast furnace ggbf slag used in concrete.
Cementitious applications of ground iron blast furnace slag by donald w. Properties of concrete containing ground granulated blast. In petroleum engineers guide to oil field chemicals and fluids second edition, 2015. Why we are using blast furnace slag cement in concrete. A blended cement containing blast furnace slag and. The width of the fields is a measurement of the output factor. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag cement is a supplementary.
Expanding the use of portland blast furnace slag cement is one measure included in the plan to achieve the targets of the kyoto protocol, and there are large expectations for its ability to help reduce co 2 emissions. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag ggbfs, sometimes simply referred to as. The coordinates of the grinding table diameter and number of rollers can be read off from the table. Identification of the material and supplier company details cement australia pty limited abn 75 104 053 474 18 station avenue darra, queensland 4076 tel. Emission factors for concrete constituents as defined by. Ground granulated blast furnace slag consist essentially silicates and alumino silicates of calcium. Portland blastfurnace slag cement is a mixture of ordinary portland cement and not more than 65 wt. Characteristics of portland blastfurnace slag cement.
This involves the activation of the slag with alkalis and sulphates in order to form its hydration product. Under the kyoto protocol, japan has made a commitment to the world to reduce its 2008 2012 emissions of greenhouse gases by 6% from 1990 levels. The coke is combusted to produce carbon monoxide, which reduces the iron ore to. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag gcp applied technologies. Slag mix slurries were used as primary, temporary abandonment and sidetrack plug cements during. The latent hydraulic property of the blast furnace slag gives excellent longterm strength. Concrete containing slag is estimated to comprise approximately 20 percent of the hydraulic cement produced in europe. Ground granulated blast furnace slag cement ggbfs is a fine glassy granules which contain cementatious properties. Iron cement or eisen cement, which is a mixture of slag and ordinary portland cement. The ground granulated blast furnace slag ggbfs is a byproduct of iron manufacturing which when added to concrete improves its properties such as workability, strength and durability.
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